Do you think there's a difference between having a special tactical team available on-hand to resolve standoffs or armed robber situations and having a universally armed police force?
Depends on training.
When SWAT teams were developed, even the regular police force had arms. Generally the common sidearm would have been a .38SP revolver with a 4" or 6" inch barrel and, if in a car, maybe a 12 gauge pump shotgun.
The SWAT teams were called out for especially difficult situations, like snipers on roofs and bank robberies gone bad. In these situations even an officer with a 12 gauge might be overwhelmed. SWAT proved its efficacy over and over again.
But SWAT teams weren't developed because regular officers were unarmed --they were armed, nor did the acceptance of SWAT teams replace the sidearm of the beat cop. The old revolvers fell out of favor due to the high cap semiautos like the Glock and other similar handguns which held more than 6 rounds. This was do to a real or perceived need for more individual firepower than the old Colt Official Police revolvers and S&Ws offered.
Is there a difference?
I can't really say. While the growing "militarization" of the police
does bother me, the existance of either armed patrol officers or specialized SWAT teams does not really concern me. How they're
used might concern me; but that would have to be a case-by-case assessment.