Birth pangs of a progressively more free-market society, too. Those who always lived content with state-provided everything will fight it. The new small business owners and entrepreneurs will embrace it.
I think there is more to it than commies protesting changes. From what I have read and observed in the History channel documentaries, the Chinese peasants essentially have no rights. They can be displaced or expropriated by their government at any time. The gov also has the habit of taking from them as much as possible on a regular basis. The counterweight may have been the commie system providing something in return. Now, the counterweight is significantly reduced, but the forward oppression remains. Ergo, the peasants are in upheaval, and get beaten up for it.
I would not be surprised if China repeats its own history from the early 1900s and finds itself in a situation where the big cities want bourgeois life and capitalism, while the mass of the rural population is opposed to it culturally and economically. Comrade Mao used that polarization to eventually oust the nationalists. That's why my first post mentioned perestroika. Without it, China is in for big internal problems.
China also has ethnic minorities, like the Muslim Uighers, to contend with.
From what I've seen, they keep their Muslims very much under control for the most part. Maybe that was PBS propaganda, but they have a fence and patrols on their border with Pakistan and let the Muslims know that they tolerate their religion but have no problem kicking them out.