Author Topic: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us  (Read 7897 times)

gunsmith

  • I forgot to get vaccinated!
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 8,183
  • I'm sorry, Dave. I'm afraid I can't do that.
"A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« on: January 12, 2009, 04:48:38 AM »
http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5jMvjaSVrpk4FwqVzz1qByd_Txs2QD95KIKNO3
they thought it was a routine auto theft, ID and house keys were in the car, deranged criminal
told himself he was only going to take "stuff"



Man shot my mommy': Ohio woman slain, son taken
(01-11) 07:32 PST Dayton, Ohio (AP) --

The 4-year-old boy's explanation was even more startling than the sight of him, barefoot and clad in pajamas, standing alone in the lobby of a highway rest stop.




Judith McConnell and her husband, Michael, had pulled into the rest stop on Interstate 70 about 50 miles outside of Dayton just after 9 p.m. on Jan. 2.

The boy was by himself, staring out a window. Judith McConnell waved at him as they walked in. What he said next was chilling: "A man came into my house without knocking and shot my mommy."

The man then left him alone at the rest stop, the boy said.

The couple, driving home to Maryland after Christmas in Colorado, took the boy into their car to warm up and called police.

"He's been abandoned here by a man with a gun," Michael McConnell told police. "He's quite disturbed."

As they waited for deputies to arrive, the boy recited the information his mother had drilled into him — his address, his parents' names, two phone numbers.

When Montgomery County sheriff's deputies arrived at his family's small white bungalow in Dayton later that night, they found the body of his 29-year-old mother, shot to death.

The woman died after struggling with her attacker, said Sheriff Phil Plummer. The killer also sexually assaulted the boy before taking him to the rest stop and abandoning him, police said.

The Associated Press is not naming the family so as not to identify the victim of an alleged sexual offense.

Police say a man under arrest has confessed to the crimes. Montgomery County Prosecutor Mathias Heck is considering whether to seek the death penalty.

The chilling story began about a week before Christmas, when the 4-year-old's parents' car was stolen while they celebrated their fourth wedding anniversary at a rock concert in Columbus.

Police say the car, and the information inside it, led the killer directly to the family's home, about 75 miles away.

The young couple were struggling to make ends meet in a working-class Dayton neighborhood. She had left her job at a grocery store to stay home with her son. Her husband held down assorted jobs to support the family, working as an exterminator, a grocery store manager and a trainee at a bar-restaurant.

Neighbor Steve Hopkins, 41, described the boy as a precocious kid quick to make friends, even with adults.

"When he met you, he knew you," Hopkins said, saying the boy greeted him on the street with "How you doing, Steve?"

On Dec. 16, 10 days after their fourth anniversary, the couple drove to Columbus to see the band Duran Duran, Hopkins said.

Their Honda was reported stolen from an Ohio State parking garage on Dec. 17. The husband told police the car was unlocked and the keys had been left inside along with his wallet, which contained three credit cards and his Social Security card, according to a police report.

On the night of Jan. 2, he was working at a bar near their home. Police say his wife was home with their son, running a bath before bed.

The McConnells said the boy told them he was playing with his Ninja Turtle toys when a man carrying a shotgun walked up the sidewalk and broke into the house — "without knocking."

The Dayton Daily News, citing investigators, reported that the woman broke free, grabbed a knife, stabbed the intruder in the back and was shot twice in the abdomen during a struggle. She was found lying on a hallway floor.

Two days later, police arrested Charlie Myers, 22, of Columbus, who investigators say confessed to the crime.

FBI agents found that the woman's cell phone was used twice in Columbus after her death, including a call made to Myers' phone, according to a search warrant affidavit filed in Franklin County Municipal Court.

Investigators also found written directions to the woman's home in Myers' apartment, along with a computer, a Playstation 2 video game console and a cell phone, all consistent with items taken from the couple's house.

Police say Myers used information found in the unlocked vehicle to track down the couple.

Myers is charged with aggravated murder, kidnapping and gross sexual imposition involving a child under 13. He is being held in Montgomery County Jail in lieu of $5 million bail. No plea was entered, and Myers said he had no attorney.

Myers made an impromptu statement to reporters as he was being led into jail Wednesday, offering an apology and saying he had made a mistake and only wanted the family's "stuff."

He also gave an odd explanation for why the boy was taken: "I want to make sure the child could stay away from their parent because the parent had passed away."

___

Myers had it rough from an early age, when his mother died of a drug-related heart attack when he was just 4. He lived in homeless shelters with his father, who beat him with a belt, and struggled with a hearing impairment that wasn't addressed until he was 6 years old. He spent most of his childhood being shuttled between more than 20 foster homes in the Columbus area, according to court documents filed in Union and Franklin counties.

Myers started smoking marijuana at age 7, drank alcohol at age 8, and when he turned 11 he attempted suicide while living in a home for troubled boys, court documents show.

At age 17, living with an aunt in Marysville, Ohio, he broke into the empty house of elderly neighbors, stole valuables and set the house on fire. A juvenile court judge declined to transfer Myers' case to adult court, saying he was emotionally and psychologically damaged because treatment for his disability had been so delayed.

"I don't want you to hurt anyone else and I don't want you to hurt yourself," said Judge Charlotte Coleman Eufinger of Union County Juvenile Court. "I believe you can be a productive citizen."

Myers served three years in a juvenile detention center and was released on July 4, 2007, his 21st birthday.

Later that year, he stole a woman's car in Columbus, then showed up at her door a day or so later.

Sky Cunningham, 25, said Myers came to her apartment in December 2007 saying he had information about the missing vehicle. She was gone at the time and a roommate told Myers she wasn't home.

Myers later pleaded guilty to stealing the car, along with another belonging to Cunningham's roommate. She said the memory of the hassle had faded until she heard of the young mother's slaying.

"That could have been me," Cunningham told The Associated Press Thursday. "I got lucky. The timing was good that I was at my other job."

The little boy found in the highway waiting area turned 5 on Saturday and is staying with relatives.

His father returned to the house once last week to put the garbage on the curb, and says he won't ever allow his son back inside.

He told NBC's "Today" that he's grateful that his wife insisted they teach the boy his address and phone numbers. He admires his son for the bravery he showed through the ordeal.

"My focus is on him," he said. "I'm doing everything I can to bring a little bit of home to him."
« Last Edit: January 12, 2009, 01:06:18 PM by gunsmith »
Politicians and bureaucrats are considered productive if they swarm the populace like a plague of locust, devouring all substance in their path and leaving a swath of destruction like a firestorm. The technical term is "bipartisanship".
Rocket Man: "The need for booster shots for the immunized has always been based on the science.  Political science, not medical science."

RocketMan

  • Mad Rocket Scientist
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 13,628
  • Semper Fidelis
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #1 on: January 12, 2009, 04:59:56 AM »
And the reporter ends with the all-too-common "the poor criminal is the real victim" attitude.  Disgusting.

If there really was intelligent life on other planets, we'd be sending them foreign aid.

Conservatives see George Orwell's "1984" as a cautionary tale.  Progressives view it as a "how to" manual.

My wife often says to me, "You are evil and must be destroyed." She may be right.

Liberals believe one should never let reason, logic and facts get in the way of a good emotional argument.

Iain

  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 3,490
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #2 on: January 12, 2009, 06:20:50 AM »
And the reporter ends with the all-too-common "the poor criminal is the real victim" attitude.  Disgusting.



Part of me is inclined to agree. The other part of me sees this same response to an article 20 years in the future about the atrocity committed by a young man who saw his mother shot to death when he was 4 years old.

Terrible things happened to Myers, and he has now done terrible things. It's not being overly bleeding heart-y to wonder if those two things are related. He now needs to be punished, he's wrong in the head, but did it need to get this far?
I do not like, when with me play, and I think that you also

Harold Tuttle

  • Professor Chromedome
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 8,069
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #3 on: January 12, 2009, 07:19:21 AM »
Where was the husband before during and after the shooting?

Did the reporter miss these details?
"The true mad scientist does not make public appearances! He does not wear the "Hello, my name is.." badge!
He strikes from below like a viper or on high like a penny dropped from the tallest building around!
He only has one purpose--Do bad things to good people! Mit science! What good is science if no one gets hurt?!"

dogmush

  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 13,918
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #4 on: January 12, 2009, 08:26:01 AM »
Quote
Where was the husband before during and after the shooting?

He was apparentlly at work.
Quote
On the night of Jan. 2, he was working at a bar near their home. Police say his wife was home with their son, running a bath before bed.

Quote
Terrible things happened to Myers, and he has now done terrible things. It's not being overly bleeding heart-y to wonder if those two things are related. He now needs to be punished, he's wrong in the head, but did it need to get this far?

No it absolutly didn't.  Someone could have taught him personal responsability whaen he was younger.  Like a parent, or failing that, the justice system.  Instead we have:

Quote
At age 17, living with an aunt in Marysville, Ohio, he broke into the empty house of elderly neighbors, stole valuables and set the house on fire. A juvenile court judge declined to transfer Myers' case to adult court, saying he was emotionally and psychologically damaged because treatment for his disability had been so delayed.

"I don't want you to hurt anyone else and I don't want you to hurt yourself," said Judge Charlotte Coleman Eufinger of Union County Juvenile Court. "I believe you can be a productive citizen."

The bolded part seems like a pretty clear sign that he was capable of violence.  I'd like to see Judge Eufinger explain to the husband how emotionally damaged Meyers was, and how not going to jail for his crime was better for society.

Standing Wolf

  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 2,978
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #5 on: January 12, 2009, 09:45:27 AM »
Quote
Montgomery County Prosecutor Mathias Heck is considering whether to seek the death penalty.

"Considering." Yeah. Right.
No tyrant should ever be allowed to die of natural causes.

zahc

  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 5,799
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #6 on: January 12, 2009, 11:41:25 AM »
link?
Maybe a rare occurence, but then you only have to get murdered once to ruin your whole day.
--Tallpine

gunsmith

  • I forgot to get vaccinated!
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 8,183
  • I'm sorry, Dave. I'm afraid I can't do that.
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #7 on: January 12, 2009, 12:58:47 PM »
link????
shoooooooot!!!
I forgot!
(I'll try to find it)
Politicians and bureaucrats are considered productive if they swarm the populace like a plague of locust, devouring all substance in their path and leaving a swath of destruction like a firestorm. The technical term is "bipartisanship".
Rocket Man: "The need for booster shots for the immunized has always been based on the science.  Political science, not medical science."

dogmush

  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 13,918

Perd Hapley

  • Superstar of the Internet
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 61,435
  • My prepositions are on/in
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #9 on: January 12, 2009, 01:14:50 PM »
Part of me is inclined to agree. The other part of me sees this same response to an article 20 years in the future about the atrocity committed by a young man who saw his mother shot to death when he was 4 years old. 

I know a guy who saw his mother shot to death by a boyfriend, I believe it was.  He was a young boy at the time.  He served in the military, and was a steel-worker for a while, but he has been an alcoholic and jail-bird for the last half of his life, so far.  He tried to steal copper wire, and lost an arm in the process, which is only the most dramatic example of his self-destructive behavior. 
"Doggies are angel babies!" -- my wife

Physics

  • ∇xE=-1/c·∂B/∂t, ∇·E=4πρ, ∇·B=0, ∇xB=1/c·∂E/∂t, F=q(E+v/cxB)
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 1,315
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #10 on: January 12, 2009, 02:52:41 PM »
I know a guy who saw his mother shot to death by a boyfriend, I believe it was.  He was a young boy at the time.  He served in the military, and was a steel-worker for a while, but he has been an alcoholic and jail-bird for the last half of his life, so far.  He tried to steal copper wire, and lost an arm in the process, which is only the most dramatic example of his self-destructive behavior. 

Reinforces the idea that the breakdown of the family system is one of our biggest problems when it comes to crime.  Very much reminds me of the B.F. Skinner quote saying:
Quote
Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select--doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and, yes, even a beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors.
Quote
Neighbor Steve Hopkins, 41, described the boy as a precocious kid quick to make friends, even with adults.
"When he met you, he knew you," Hopkins said, saying the boy greeted him on the street with "How you doing, Steve?"
It makes me really sad to hear that this kid was such a bright one, hopefully he can get some good counseling and manage to get over this, but I don't think anyone really gets over things like this, ever.  I guess the most we can hope is that he learns the correct lessons out of this, and doesn't become the thing that made him.
In the world of science, there is physics.  Everything else is stamp collecting.  -Ernest Rutherford

MicroBalrog

  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 14,505
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #11 on: January 12, 2009, 02:59:18 PM »
Quote
Reinforces the idea that the breakdown of the family system is one of our biggest problems when it comes to crime.  Very much reminds me of the B.F. Skinner quote saying:

I'm sorry, what does the 'breakdown of the family system' mean here?

People who undergo truly terrible tragedies end up horribly messed up. I don't see how you can hope to fix that by reinforcing 'the family system'. Do you think that this person would have been better off had his mother married this boyfriend before being murdered by him?
Destroy The Enemy in Hand-to-Hand Combat.

"...tradition and custom becomes intertwined and are a strong coercion which directs the society upon fixed lines, and strangles liberty. " ~ William Graham Sumner

Physics

  • ∇xE=-1/c·∂B/∂t, ∇·E=4πρ, ∇·B=0, ∇xB=1/c·∂E/∂t, F=q(E+v/cxB)
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 1,315
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #12 on: January 12, 2009, 03:17:17 PM »
I'm sorry, what does the 'breakdown of the family system' mean here?

People who undergo truly terrible tragedies end up horribly messed up. I don't see how you can hope to fix that by reinforcing 'the family system'. Do you think that this person would have been better off had his mother married this boyfriend before being murdered by him?

Do you think the boyfriend had a good family life?  Do you think that his upbringing had any role in his violent tendencies?  Do you think that we cannot ascribe any these rises in violent crimes to the fact that more and more children grow up in a single parent household?
« Last Edit: January 12, 2009, 03:22:22 PM by Physics »
In the world of science, there is physics.  Everything else is stamp collecting.  -Ernest Rutherford

MicroBalrog

  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 14,505
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #13 on: January 12, 2009, 03:19:28 PM »
Do you think the boyfriend had a good family life?  Do you think that his upbringing had any role in his violent tendencies?  Do you think that we cannot ascribe any these rises in violent crime to the fact that more and more children grow up in a single parent household?

Rises in violent crime?

Destroy The Enemy in Hand-to-Hand Combat.

"...tradition and custom becomes intertwined and are a strong coercion which directs the society upon fixed lines, and strangles liberty. " ~ William Graham Sumner

Physics

  • ∇xE=-1/c·∂B/∂t, ∇·E=4πρ, ∇·B=0, ∇xB=1/c·∂E/∂t, F=q(E+v/cxB)
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 1,315
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #14 on: January 12, 2009, 03:23:49 PM »
Quote
Do you think the boyfriend had a good family life?  Do you think that his upbringing had any role in his violent tendencies?  Do you think that we cannot ascribe any of these rises in violent crimes to the fact that more and more children grow up in a single parent household?

Fixed it for you.  Now you can address what I'm actually saying.   =)
« Last Edit: January 12, 2009, 03:29:29 PM by Physics »
In the world of science, there is physics.  Everything else is stamp collecting.  -Ernest Rutherford

Balog

  • Unrepentant race traitor
  • friends
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 17,774
  • What if we tried more?
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #15 on: January 12, 2009, 03:26:15 PM »
Oh Physics, you got me. What the heck did you "fix" in the quoted post? Looks exactly the same to me.....
Quote from: French G.
I was always pleasant, friendly and within arm's reach of a gun.

Quote from: Standing Wolf
If government is the answer, it must have been a really, really, really stupid question.

Physics

  • ∇xE=-1/c·∂B/∂t, ∇·E=4πρ, ∇·B=0, ∇xB=1/c·∂E/∂t, F=q(E+v/cxB)
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 1,315
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #16 on: January 12, 2009, 03:27:02 PM »
Oh Physics, you got me. What the heck did you "fix" in the quoted post? Looks exactly the same to me.....
lol, no I fixed MY post.  Fixed the second one for you too...   =D
In the world of science, there is physics.  Everything else is stamp collecting.  -Ernest Rutherford

MicroBalrog

  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 14,505
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #17 on: January 12, 2009, 03:42:03 PM »
Quote
Fixed it for you.  Now you can address what I'm actually saying.   

I think the problem with that theory is that had there been a causal connection between the single-parent household and crime, we'd see a rising pattern of crimes with the divorce rate.

I also believe other things are at play - a lot of the time, a single-parent household is one where the parent experiences incredible poverty, has a history of abuse himself/herself, etc. That must also be a factor.

But I think it's a bit misguided to suggest that if Mrs. Johnson the JD with a $200,000 per annum income somehow ends up a single mom (say, Mr. Johnson divorces her before the child is born, or moves out with a younger woman, or dies in a car accident), then the child has a greater chance of ending up a criminal than the son of Mr. and Mrs. Smith who live on welfare and spawn a dozen other children before he hits 18. In fact, I'll be putting my money on Johnson, Jr. against all of the Smith household, combined.
Destroy The Enemy in Hand-to-Hand Combat.

"...tradition and custom becomes intertwined and are a strong coercion which directs the society upon fixed lines, and strangles liberty. " ~ William Graham Sumner

Physics

  • ∇xE=-1/c·∂B/∂t, ∇·E=4πρ, ∇·B=0, ∇xB=1/c·∂E/∂t, F=q(E+v/cxB)
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 1,315
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #18 on: January 12, 2009, 05:15:32 PM »
I think the problem with that theory is that had there been a causal connection between the single-parent household and crime, we'd see a rising pattern of crimes with the divorce rate.

I also believe other things are at play - a lot of the time, a single-parent household is one where the parent experiences incredible poverty, has a history of abuse himself/herself, etc. That must also be a factor.

But I think it's a bit misguided to suggest that if Mrs. Johnson the JD with a $200,000 per annum income somehow ends up a single mom (say, Mr. Johnson divorces her before the child is born, or moves out with a younger woman, or dies in a car accident), then the child has a greater chance of ending up a criminal than the son of Mr. and Mrs. Smith who live on welfare and spawn a dozen other children before he hits 18. In fact, I'll be putting my money on Johnson, Jr. against all of the Smith household, combined.

Good points.  You are likely correct in the idea that poverty has more of a role, but I do think that a stable family is drastically important for the development of a normal individual.  This is, of course, following the idea that environment is the most important factor in your growth as a person.  It's hard to be a Jew if you are born a Palestinian, would be one example of what I'm saying. 

Taking your example, what if Mr. Smith is a preacher, and teaches his children that they must be good citizens despite their poverty, and Ms. Johnson decides she doesn't care if Johnson Jr. is a thief.  I would be more hesitant to place my money on Johnson Jr. at that point.   
In the world of science, there is physics.  Everything else is stamp collecting.  -Ernest Rutherford

Perd Hapley

  • Superstar of the Internet
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 61,435
  • My prepositions are on/in
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #19 on: January 12, 2009, 05:26:55 PM »
Poverty and the unstable family are problems that feed on each other, along with drug abuse, abusive behavior, and other Bad Things. 
"Doggies are angel babies!" -- my wife

MicroBalrog

  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 14,505
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #20 on: January 12, 2009, 05:28:24 PM »
Poverty and the unstable family are problems that feed on each other, along with drug abuse, abusive behavior, and other Bad Things. 

True. However, a failing family can fail even with both parents firmly in place. I watch this every day with my neighbors.
Destroy The Enemy in Hand-to-Hand Combat.

"...tradition and custom becomes intertwined and are a strong coercion which directs the society upon fixed lines, and strangles liberty. " ~ William Graham Sumner

roo_ster

  • Kakistocracy--It's What's For Dinner.
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 21,225
  • Hoist the black flag, and begin slitting throats
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #21 on: January 12, 2009, 05:34:15 PM »
Rises in violent crime?



Your chart needs to include years earlier than 1973. 
Regards,

roo_ster

“Fallacies do not cease to be fallacies because they become fashions.”
----G.K. Chesterton

MicroBalrog

  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 14,505
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #22 on: January 12, 2009, 05:38:11 PM »
Your chart needs to include years earlier than 1973. 

Well, yes. But the point is, there are AFAIK more divorces and single-parent households in America than there were in the 1960's. Yet there is far less crime and violence.
Destroy The Enemy in Hand-to-Hand Combat.

"...tradition and custom becomes intertwined and are a strong coercion which directs the society upon fixed lines, and strangles liberty. " ~ William Graham Sumner

Bigjake

  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 3,024
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #23 on: January 12, 2009, 05:39:31 PM »
I'll be printing that off as an object lesson for the next CCW class.


Evil POS needs to be fed through a wood chipper.  :mad:

roo_ster

  • Kakistocracy--It's What's For Dinner.
  • friend
  • Senior Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 21,225
  • Hoist the black flag, and begin slitting throats
Re: "A man shot my mommy" lesson here for all of us
« Reply #24 on: January 12, 2009, 06:16:24 PM »
Well, yes. But the point is, there are AFAIK more divorces and single-parent households in America than there were in the 1960's. Yet there is far less crime and violence.

Uh, no.

The broken-family express left the station in the 1960s.  1973 was already in the midst of the violent crime tsunami that hit and crested in the late 1980s.  The divorce rate has also tracked with the crime rates, though offset.

IOW, the year 1973 is considered a "high violent crime year" relative to those 10-15 years before 1973. 

The last chart shows marriage rate. 

It looks like you got that graph from wikipedia.

Here are some other charts showing the relationship.  All hot-linked so you can fllow to the sources.

US Violent Crime Rate 1960-2005



US Property Crime Rates, 1960-2005



Divorce Rate 1950-2000



Marriage Rate 1950-2000



Female or Male Headed Households 1950-2000



Fertility Rates for Unmarried Women 1950-2000



Fertility Rates for All Women 1950-2000


Family Types 1960-1998

Regards,

roo_ster

“Fallacies do not cease to be fallacies because they become fashions.”
----G.K. Chesterton