From my brief exposure to one version of an Asian learning system, there is (was) heavy emphasis on straight memorization for the basics, followed by drills for scenario-based applicatIons. Only after this was mastered was the "how does this work" body of concepts addressed.
In other words, first came rote memory (stuff like multiplication tables, simple add & subtract, etc.), then canned exercises, then abstractions.
I can't speak to effectiveness. It wasn't the approach I used when I was teaching.