1. It is impossible for most people in Tel-Aviv to obtain a firearm. Settlers are eligible for 1 pistol permit/person on account of them living in a 'danger zone'. The legal settlements can also loan or rent rifles and other longarms from the Army and police they then issue to citizens. Typically and sadly these are kept in armories or carried by settlers.
2. I am of the belief this is a Micro-Tavor. Some firearms are also owned by various organizations like shooting ranges.