Canon City is known as a retirement community. They do have schools, though, and it's a pleasant community. We looked at Penrose many years ago because it is like the area east of Pueblo where I grew up used to be. Lots of small orchards and farms that hadn't (at that time) been chopped up into subdivisions.
Florence is just south of CC and is home to the SuperMax prison. It's mostly a bedroom community with a bunch of antique stores (and a gunsmith) on Main Street.
Pueblo West was a windy wasteland from the time it was conceived (in the 1970s by McCulloch Corporation) until the early 90s when it boomed into a bustling community. It's quite a nice place to live now, but the wind still blows all the time. Some of the views are breathtaking. They have a very nice shooting range, with a waiting list to get in (Pueblo West Sportsmans Assn).
Since there's no public transportation, there is carpooling on both ends. My wife works at Fort Carson and carpools to work, and Fort Carson gives preferential parking to carpools.
Any of these places are close enough to the mountains. I can leave my shop in south Pueblo and be fishing a mountain stream in 45 minutes.