Nightstick to the shins or collar bone, or ribs, shoulders, or balls, behind the knees, on the knees, the elbow, the throat, and if you are losing, the head and face becomes a primary target. Nightsticks were a very effective tool in the days before criminals becoming saints. Good solid hardwoods at least 22 inches long, custom made to your grip, with a proper leather thong for wrapping your hand properly when gripping the stick. If you were trained properly, submission was generally a safe bet.