There was an article 10 or years ago, iirc that addressed that subject. In a nutshell it stated because the Democrat party was more in alignment with core Jewish beliefs than Republican is why a majority of American Jews voted Democrat. American Jews are actually cool with bigger government, more open immigration/refugees/assylum seekers, homosexuality, and they tend to support minorities because they tend to be treated as such.
Now, I'm being wide and somewhat ambiguous and I know at least one of you will read that as absolute statement of all Jews and start pointing out examples of individual Jews who behave differently than the majority.
The Israeli government is pretty socialistic. It makes sense they would align more with Democrats on a lot of issues. The Kibbutz’s are pretty close to communes. They can live and govern how they want.
I’m not really a fan of us funding either side. Or most of the other funding we send all over the world to in many cases what are basically enemies of the US. At least with Israel some of those monies are arms that we pay for, but equate back to American jobs building them. In a realpolitik stance at least Israel is also much more friend than enemy. I also understand many times that funding we send around the world is used to influence policies that we may want. I think a lot of it could be better used domestically or not taken from taxpayers to begin with.
As for Gaza, we should never be giving them money while Hamas is in charge if we should at all. The ‘Palestinians’ voted for Hamas, to a great extent my sympathy for anyone in Gaza is very slim.