. . . IIRC Optical glass has a very high refractive index for lens purposes. I vaguely recall that "optical" glass had lead in it and the lenses were advertised as containing lead. I also recall that lead lenses were soft and easily scratched. . . .
Depends on the type of optical glass. They put all kinds of stuff in there to tailor both the refractive index and the dispersion - at one time they even included thorium in some glass. (Yep. It was radioactive.) They also have to control the transparency as a function of wavelength. Often glasses with desirable optical characteristics have other problems - very soft, prone to staining, striae, etc. And of course cost.
Here's a sample glass map showing index and dispersion for various glasses from just ONE manufacturer.