In the US/Canada, hard cider is viewed as a niche luxury product, somewhat akin to a good microbrewed beer. In fact, in my circle of friends, people who enjoy good hard cider are usually also the people who enjoy good beer. It is more popular in the areas of the country that grow apples and pears. There are some types that I really enjoy; others are too sweet for my taste.
Making hard cider in the US and Canada requires additional regulatory and tax complications that go along with making any alcoholic beverage for sale. Because the market for hard cider is not large, you don't see a lot of companies making it here.
In terms of the difference between apple cider and apple juice in the States, here is a commonly-accepted explanation:
Apple Juice and Apple Cider:
What's the Difference?
Apple juice and apple cider are both fruit beverages made from apples, but there is a difference between the two. Fresh cider is raw apple juice that has not undergone a filtration process to remove coarse particles of pulp or sediment. It takes about one third of a bushel to make a gallon of cider.
To make cider, apples are washed, cut and ground into a mash that is the consistency of applesauce. Layers of mash are wrapped in cloth, and put into wooded racks. A hydraulic press squeezes the layers, and the juice flows into refrigerated tanks. This juice is bottled as apple cider.
Apple juice is juice that has been filtered to remove solids and pasteurized so that it will stay fresh longer. Vacuum sealing and additional filtering extend the shelf life of the juice.
The flavor of cider depends on the blending of juice from different apple varieties. The term "flavor" refers to the palatability of a distinct apple juice flavor and the aroma that is typical of properly processed apple juice. Cider makers are most particular about concocting a blend that will create the desired flavor and produce the perfect balance between sweetness and tartness.
Cider needs constant refrigeration because it is perishable. It will stay sweet and unfermented for up to two weeks.