Alexander the Great understood warfare, at least according to the couple of books I've read about him, to the extent that one needed to give a severe spanking to whoever he was trying to overthow, to the point that they would be willing to talk, discuss how things would change. (But stay much the same, other than the tribute paid.) He conquered Afghanistan for example, by kicking some fanny, killing a kingo or two and by marrying the daughter of one of the local king/warlords, iirc and installed his satraps. He also absorbed the conquered armies into his.
A'stan is not much different now than it was a thousand years ago. Alexander was probably not much advanced, civilization wise, that those he conquered. Our problem is that we are far advanced over the miserable conditions in the places that represent problems for us. In fact we are so advanced that we've become stupid about it. 1. We seem to think that every country wants to be like us and that they really are like us, just oppressed by some strong man. Well, most rough cultures are nothing like us at all and they probably have a distorted view of who we are. In The Closed Circle, the author talks about how Arabs, tribal Arabs, envied the West and that it seriously confused them and made them hostile when Westerners went Native....why would they want to do that? was the Arab thinking.
2. In the face of the reality that energy is what makes civilization work, we have refused to become independent in that regard. We have focused rather, on pie in the sky, elitist, wrong headed environmental nonsense and refuse to exploit the resources we have in the Western hemisphere regarding energy. Perhaps stupid is the wrong adjective for us...maybe grandiose over educated stupid is a better term.