Yeah, not so much. If regular Army officers are in their chain of command and their top officer is not their governor, they are not militia. Orvil Faubus was taught the error of tis notion a while back.
Ayep. They're not the militia if they can be called up to federal duty without the permission of their state. And this is definitely the case.
The John Warner Defense Authorization Act of 2007 Pub.L. 109-364
Authorized the Prez to call up the Guard and completely overrides the Governor.
The National Defense Authorization Act 2008 Pub.L. 110-181
PARTIALLY replaced some provisions of Pub.L. 109-364. Basically, it changed nothing except that Congress has to declare a war or emergency first. Also, it made the DoD the owner of the National Guard Bureau.
That said, our national defense should be in the hands of the NG. Our national offense should be in the hands of the DoD.
Anyone that thinks the NG wouldn't perform national defense better than the RA is more wrong than not. NG is much more likely to know the local terrain and personnel than the RA. NG has a LARGE motivation to do the job. Shorter lines of supply, shorter deployment distance, etc. Decentralized command structures would be nearly impossible to completely kill, but inter command structure communication is reasonably decent. It'd be better, except the DoD is not kosher with it for obvious reasons. And they basically have identical training, real world combat experience, equipment, etc. Sure, Rangers or regular SF units would be better trained for direct warfare than XYZ Transportation Company. OTOH, there are five regular Army active duty and two Army National Guard Special Forces groups. So yea, the NG does have plenty of SF units as well.
It'll never happen. 1) Politics. 2) Pork. 3) It'd be too effective for too little cash.
Then again, maybe I'm just bitter because the DoD stole my state's A-10 Warthog squadron. We're left with the 193rd Air Special Operations Wing (Electronic Warfare) in Middletown and the 171st Air Refueling Wing in Pittsburgh. Probably just someone offered a better bribe for the pork. Others liked to think folks down in DC was nervous that Pennsylvania has the largest number of soldiers under state control (15,000 members), and wanted to make sure we had no air superiority or CAS capacity. Wishful thinking, but still funny.
*snort*